中国通识专题-关于疆独

中国通识 - 关于疆独、东突组织
中国通识 参考资料

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专题参考资料 视频： media type="youtube" key="JIEZNJpyKaE" height="344" width="425"

突厥最初是一古代游牧民族的专称. 公元 5 世纪，它活跃在阿尔泰山一带. 公元 6 世纪中叶至 8 世纪中叶，它活跃于我国北方草原，与中原地区自西魏至隋唐诸王朝发生了多渠道、多层面的交往. 公元 552 年，突厥建立汗国，其鼎盛时辖境辽阔. 在隋朝和唐朝初期，突厥曾是称霸于中国北部的一大势力. 尔后，分裂为东、西两部的突厥，为争夺汗权而争斗不休. 8 世纪中叶，东、西突厥汗国相继灭亡，其后裔逐渐融入了其他民族之中. 而 11 世纪以后在国外有的史籍中使用的 “ 突厥 ” ，已经不限定于原先的突厥人，而是对一切操阿尔泰语系突厥语族诸民族的共称. 到了 19 世纪末，有人主张把生活在博斯普鲁斯海峡至阿尔泰山脉之间的所有操突厥语的民族联成一体，组成一个国家. 但在历史上，一些人声称的由所有突厥人组成的统一国家不曾存在过. 为了达到分裂和控制新疆的目的，某些老殖民主义者进而把新疆称为 “ 东突厥斯坦 ” （与之相对应，今天的中亚诸国被称之为 “ 西突厥斯坦 ” ），编造所谓新疆是 “ 东突厥 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人的家园的谬论. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从公元前 60 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年汉朝设置西域都护府起，新疆就是中国疆土的一部分. 此后，中央政权对新疆的管辖没有间断. 但在 20 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪初以后，一小撮狂热的新疆分裂分子与宗教极端分子，根据老殖民主义者制造的歪理邪说，编造了一套所谓的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理论. 鼓吹 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦自古以来就是一个独立的国家 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，其民族有近万年历史；鼓噪所有操突厥语和信奉伊斯兰教的民族联合起来，组成一个 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">政教合一 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的国家；否认中国各民族共同缔造伟大祖国的历史，叫嚣 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">要反对突厥民族以外的一切民族 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，消灭 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">异教徒 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理论形成后，形形色色的分裂分子都打着 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的旗号进行活动，企图实现其建立 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦国 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的妄想. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从 20 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪初至 40 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年代末， “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">势力在外国势力的怂恿、支持下，多次制造动乱. 1933 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 11 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月，沙比提大毛拉等在喀什建立了所谓 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦伊斯兰国 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，这是分裂主义分子把其理论变为现实的一次尝试，但在新疆各族人民的反对下，不到三个月便瓦解了. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新疆和平解放以后，各族人民团结奋斗，共同建设美好的家园. 新疆社会稳定，经济不断发展，人民生活迅速改善，形势整体是好的. 但是 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">势力并不甘心失败，他们违背各民族人民的根本愿望，在国际反华势力的支持下伺机从事分裂破坏活动. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">进入 20 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪 90 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年代，在极端主义、分裂主义和国际恐怖主义的影响下，境内外部分 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">势力转向以恐怖暴力为主要手段的分裂破坏活动. 一些 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织公开宣扬要通过恐怖暴力手段达到分裂目的. 在警方查获的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突伊斯兰党 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突反对党 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">等组织的纲领中明确提出，要 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">走武装斗争道路 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在人口集中的地区制造各种恐怖活动 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. 他们编印的小册子《我们的独立是否有希望》毫不掩饰地宣称要不惜代价在幼儿园、医院、学校等场所制造恐怖气氛. “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖势力策划实施了一系列血腥的恐怖事件，留下了一篇篇血淋淋的记录. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">（节选自中国国务院新闻办《 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖势力难脱罪责》一文） <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">突厥最初是一古代游牧民族的专称，曾活跃在阿尔泰山、中国北方草原等地带. 公元 552 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年，突厥建立汗国，后分裂为东、西两部，为争夺汗权而争斗不休. 8 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪中叶，东、西突厥汗国相继灭亡，其后裔逐渐融入其他民族. 而 11 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪以后在国外有的史籍中使用的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">突厥 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，已经是对一切操阿尔泰语系突厥语诸民族的共称. 为了达到分裂和控制新疆的目的，某些老殖民主义者进而把新疆称为 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，编造所谓新疆是 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人的家园的谬论. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">该文章还指出，从公元前 60 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年汉朝设置西域都护府起，新疆就是中国疆土的一部分. 此后，中央政权对新疆的管辖没有间断. 但在 20 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪初以后，一小撮狂热的新疆分裂分子与宗教极端分子编造了一套所谓的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理论：鼓吹 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦自古以来就是一个独立的国家 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">；鼓噪所有操突厥语和信奉伊斯兰教的民族联合起来，组成一个 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">政教合一 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的国家；否认中国各民族共同缔造伟大祖国的历史，叫嚣消灭 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">异教徒 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在南亚活动的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖组织不但得到了本 · <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">拉登的大力支持，同时又是本 · <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">拉登恐怖势力的重要力量，而且还与阿富汗 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">塔利班 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">武装、车臣恐怖组织等其他国际恐怖势力有密切联系. 近年来在新疆发生的一系列爆炸暗杀恐怖事件，大多与这些组织有关. 2003 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 10 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 2 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日，恐怖组织 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦伊斯兰运动 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的头目艾山 · <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">买合苏木在巴基斯坦安古尔阿达镇被击毙，有报道说，艾山当时躲在距离阿富汗边境只有 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">公里左右的巴基斯坦南沃齐里斯坦部族区的几幢泥墙筑的部族房子中. 中国现代国际关系研究所反恐怖研究中心主任李伟说，这一地区曾被巴基斯坦、美国等国家怀疑为 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织的高层，甚至本 · <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">拉登本人的活动区域. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">武汉大学国际安全研究所所长莫洪宪教授 2005 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年在出席世界法律大会 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">国际恐怖主义 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">专题讨论会时指出， “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织是 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖势力的最大后勤补给源， “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖势力曾接受了来自 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织的大量资金. 1999 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年初，拉登会见了 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">头目，在许诺提供资金援助的同时，要求其 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一切行动要与 ‘ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">乌兹别克伊斯兰运动 ’ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和塔利班协调 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. 2001 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 2 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月，拉登恐怖势力与塔利班高层人物又商谈训练 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖分子事宜，决定拨巨款帮助训练，并承诺负担 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织 2001 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年的活动经费. “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织提供给 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织的资金主要用在了培训恐怖分子和在中国新疆搞恐怖活动方面. 有消息称，曾先后有 1000 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多名 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖分子前往 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织设在阿富汗坎大哈、马扎里沙里夫、霍斯特、呼苏提等地的恐怖主义训练营 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">取过经 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，受过诸如爆炸、暗杀、投毒等系统培训，成为 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖势力的重要力量. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一些国际问题专家认为， “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织还参与了 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织的洗钱活动. 目前， “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">组织被怀疑把资产变换成黄金、珠宝及硬通货，并通过国际互联网转移资金. 2006 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 6 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日，美国政府宣布，在美军关塔那摩监狱被关押的 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名中国籍维吾尔族人已被释放，阿尔巴尼亚以难民身份接收他们. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新华社记者杨柯日前去这 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名中国 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖嫌犯的栖身地采访，发现他们一天到晚都缩在位于地拉那北郊的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">阿尔巴尼亚国家难民中心 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的围墙之内，境况 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">连过街老鼠都不如 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">难民中心 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的大铁门里面全是平房. 从外面看，规模跟一个标准篮球场差不多. 周围是一片工地，门前有条河呈淡灰色，河床上裸露着一片片乱石. 在 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月骄阳的炙烤下，河中散发出一股怪怪的味道. 自 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖嫌犯到了这个中心后，这里防守很严，一直拒绝记者采访. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖嫌犯的美国律师威利特日前探视后说，美国把这 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人扔到阿尔巴尼亚 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">是一件很不光彩的事情 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. 他说： “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这些人住的是什么地方啊？路不像路，房子就像贫民窟，门前那条河，简直就是臭水沟. ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在地拉那期间，威利特征得阿内务部的同意，领着这 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人到地拉那湖边的一处餐馆里饱餐了一顿. 他说： “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">他们已经 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年没有下馆子了. ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在打击 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">问题上，我国主张国际社会团结合作，共同打击包括 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突势力 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在内的恐怖主义. 目前，中巴、中俄、中吉、中哈、中美在 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">问题上已经形成合作关系. 2003 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年，中国公安部公布了首批认定的 4 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">个 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖组织和 11 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名恐怖分子的名单. 9 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 11 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日，安理会正式将 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突伊斯兰运动 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">列入安理会颁布的《恐怖主义组织和个人名单》. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">目前，中国警方已抓获至少 100 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多名在阿富汗及其他国家恐怖训练营地受训后秘密潜入新疆的恐怖分子，有关国家警方也向中方引渡、移交了十多名被抓获的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">恐怖分子. <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">进入 20 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪 90 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年代，在极端主义、分裂主义和国际恐怖主义的影响下，境内外部分 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">势力转向以恐怖暴力为主要手段的分裂破坏活动. 十几年来至少制造了 260 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">余起恐怖暴力事件 ■ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">制造爆炸 1998 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 4 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 7 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日凌晨，恐怖组织在叶城县公安局负责人住房窗台、县政协副主席和喀什地区行署副专员住宅门前等处，连续制造 8 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">起爆炸事件，炸伤 8 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人. ■ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">进行暗杀 1999 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 8 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 23 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日，以牙生买买提为首的 10 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">余名恐怖分子闯入喀什地区泽普县波斯喀木乡派出所指导员胡达拜尔 · <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">托乎提家中，将胡及其儿子杀害，胡身中 38 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">刀，其子头部中枪. 杀人后，恐怖分子纵火，胡妻被烧成重伤. ■ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">袭击政府机关 1999 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 10 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 24 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日凌晨，恐怖分子携枪支、大刀、爆炸燃烧装置，袭击了泽普县赛力乡公安派出所. 他们向派出所连续投掷燃烧瓶和爆炸装置、开枪射击. 之后闯入派出所枪杀了 1 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名联防队员和 1 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名留置审查的犯罪嫌疑人，开枪击伤了 1 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名警察和 1 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">名联防队员. 后将派出所 10 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">间房屋、 1 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">辆吉普车和 3 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">辆摩托车烧毁. ■ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">投毒纵火 1998 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年 5 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月 23 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日，在境外接受过专门训练、被派入境的 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突解放组织 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">成员在乌鲁木齐市投放了 40 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多枚化学自然纵火装置，制造了 15 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">起纵火案，扬言 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">要将乌鲁木齐变成一片火海. ”
 * “ ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 180%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 **** ” ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 180%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">问题历史由来（一） **
 * “ ****<span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦 ” **<span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">（简称 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">），这一名词出现于 19 <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪末期. “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">斯坦 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">原为 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">地方 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">区域 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">之意，但 “ <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突厥斯坦 ” <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">不是一个单纯的地理概念，而是某些老殖民主义者为肢解中国提出的一个政治概念.
 * “ ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 180%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">东突 **** ” ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 180%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">问题历史由来（二） **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">接受 “ ****<span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">基地 ” ****<span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大量资金 **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">记者探访 **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">连过街老鼠都不如 **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">国际合作打击东突 **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">劣迹斑斑 **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">十几年制造 260 ****<span style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多起恐怖 **

关于“东突”问题 ： ** <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">**1、什么是“东突”？ 2、“东突”组织的历史渊源？ 3、“东突”组织的思想根源是什么？ 4、从中国处理分离主义分子的事例，谈谈新加坡维护种族和谐的重要性. ** <span style="font-size: 32pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; msoasciifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msohansifontfamily: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: 宋体; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msoansilanguage: EN-US;">
 * <span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新疆问题学习单 **
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">姓名： **** _   ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">班级： **     **<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日期： **   __­­­­­­­­__
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新疆概况： **
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;"> 1、  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新疆维吾尔自治区（简称新疆）地处中国 **   **<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">边陲，亚欧大陆腹地，面积１６６．４９万平方公里，占中国国土面积 **   **<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，陆地边境线５６００公里，周边与 ****  _  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">个国家接壤，乃古丝绸之路的重要通道. **
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;"> 2、  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新疆自中国汉朝被称为 ****  _  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，清代乾隆皇帝赐名为“新疆”，意为 **   _**<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，该名称沿用至今. **
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;"> 3、  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">汉代起，中央政府在新疆设立 **   **<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，表明新疆成为中国多民族统一国家的一部分. **
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;"> 4、  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新疆人口中以 ****  _  ****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">族人口居多，大部分都信仰 **   _**<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. **
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">

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